The vaporizer is characterised by generating steam. It works with water at saturation temperature so all the energy absorbed is transformed into latent heat of vaporization. The outlet emulsion has a steam quality less than 0.25.
There are two types of vaporizers:
Forced circulation implies the use of recirculation pumps that serve to overcome the pressure drop in the vaporizer and impulse saturated water through the tubes.
Natural circulation means that the water circulates through the tubes due to the difference of the density between the inlet and outlet of the equipment. Tubes should to be in vertical arrangement.
Therefore, the tubes are arranged vertically in one single pass.